
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the drug Revlimid (lenalidomide) for the
treatment of patients with a subtype of Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS). The subtype is MDS
patients with deletion 5q cytogenetic abnormality.
Myelodysplastic Syndrome is a collection of disorders in which the bone marrow does not
function normally and the body does not make enough normal blood cells. Patients with MDS may
need blood and platelet transfusions and antibiotic therapy for infections. In clinical trials, patients
treated with Revlimid no longer needed transfusions, with most patients becoming independent
of transfusion by three months. The transfusion-free period lasted for an average of 44 weeks.
MDS can develop following treatment with drugs or radiation therapy for other diseases, or it can
develop without any known cause. Some forms of MDS can progress to acute myeloid leukemia
(AML), a type of cancer in which too many white blood cells are made.
An estimated 7,000 to12,000 new cases of MDS are diagnosed yearly in the United States.
Although MDS occurs in all age groups, the highest prevalence is in people over 60 years of age.
Typical symptoms include weakness, fatigue, infections, easy bruising, bleeding, and fever
What is MDS?
MDS is a collection of disorders in which the bone marrow does not function normally and not
enough normal blood cells are made. MDS may develop following treatment with drugs or
radiation therapy for other diseases or it may develop without any known cause. Some forms of
MDS can progress to acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a type of cancer in which too many white
blood cells are made.
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