QUERCETIN
Quercetin is a bioflavonoid. Quercetin is a natural antioxidant found
mainly in red wine grapefruit, onions, apples and black tea. Quercetin
protects cells in the body from damage by free radicals, quercetin might
help protect against heart attacks as well as strokes. Quercetin may also
help prevent immune cells from releasing histamine, the chemical that
initiates the itching, sneezing, and swelling of an allergic reaction. Thus,
quercetin is often recommended as a treatment for allergies such as hay
fever, hives, eczema and asthma.
BENEFITS OF QUERCETIN; RESEARCH FINDS
ALLERGY Asthma incidence was lower at higher quercetin intakes. The
flavonoid quercetin addresses the inflammatory component of asthma.
Studies have shown that quercetin prevents certain immune cells from
releasing histamine. Histamine is a chemical that triggers an allergic
reaction. [1-4]
INFLAMMATION One small double-blind, placebo-controlled study has
found preliminary evidence that quercetin might help prostatitis, an
inflammation or infection of the prostate gland. [5]
Another small double-blind placebo-controlled trial showed quercetin
supplementation reduced symptoms of interstitial cystitis [6]
HEART DISEASES AND STROKE Quercetin might help prevent heart
diseases and stroke. [7-10]
PLATELET AGGREGATION Quercetin has inhibitory properties of blood
platelet aggregation (clumping). Consequently, manufacturers are
interesting to put them together in the product. [11]
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES Quercetin scavenges a variety of free-
radicals such as hydroxyl and lipid peroxy radicals. [12-14]
CANCER Quercetin might have cancer preventive properties, based on
some in vitro and animal studies. [15-19]
TYPES II DIABETES A trend toward a reduction in risk of type 2 diabetes
was associated with higher quercetin intake. [20]
CATARACTS Quercetin might protect rodents with diabetes from forming
cataracts. [21]
VIRAL INFECTION Quercetin seems to prevent a wide range of viruses
from infecting cells from cell studies. [22-23]
SIDE EFFECTS OF QUERCETIN
Drug Interaction The bioavailibility of diltiazem in the rabbits pretreated
with quercetin is increased significantly. [24]
QUERCETIN PRODUCTS There are two popular quercetin products-
quercetin bromelain and Activated Quercetin.
QUERCETIN BROMELAIN Bromelain is an enzyme complex derived from
the pineapple stem. Bromelain may assist the absorption of quercetin in
the G.I. tract. [25]
Quercetin and bromelain both have inhibitory properties of blood platelet
aggregation (clumping). Consequently, manufacturers are interesting to
put them together in the product. [25-26]
ACTIVATED QUERCETIN Source Naturals ‘ Activated Quercetin is
probably the most advertised quercetin product over the internet. It is a
blend of quercetin, magnesium ascorbate, and bromelain.
Activated Quercetin is actually a state-of-the-art quercetin complex. It is
advertised that the additional ingredients can maximize the absorption
and benefits of quercetin. Thus, quercetin is thought to be a potent
formula.
INTERESTING RESEARCH FINDINGS ABOUT RED WINE OR
QUERCETIN
Quercetin has shown cancer-preventive effects in some studies,
catechin, another important ingredient of red wine, showed to delay
tumor onset in a mouse model. [27]
Quercetin is also found in Smilax bockii warb. And, the root extract of
Smilax bockii warb showed anti-inflammatory properties. [28]
Induction of HO-1 protein may participate in the protective mechanism of
uercetin on oxidative stress (H(2)O(2))-induced apoptosis, and reduction
of intracellular ROS production and mitochondria dysfunction with
blocking apoptotic events were involved. [29]
The aerial part of Proustia pyrifolia has antiinflammatory, analgesic and
antioxidant activities The extract of this plant is found to contain beta-
sitosterol, quercetin and dihydroquercetin. [30]
Topotecan has cytotoxic activity against both of the breast cancer cell
lines in vitro. A combination with Quercetin increases efficacy of
Topotecan in the treatment of breast cancers. [31]
Reference:
[1] Ogasawara H et al, Effect of selected flavonoids on histamine release (HR) and hydrogen
peroxide (H2O2) generation by human leukocytes [abstract]. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1985;75
(suppl):184. [2] Middleton E Jr. Effect of flavonoids on basophil histamine release and other
secretory systems. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1986;213:493–506.] [3] Knekt P et al, Flavonoid intake
and risk of chronic diseases. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 Sep;76(3):560-8.] [4] Miller AL. The etiologies,
pathophysiology, and alternative/complementary treatment of asthma. Altern Med Rev. 2001 Feb;
6(1):20-47. [5] Shoskes DA et al. Quercetin in men with category III chronic prostatitis: a
preliminary prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Urology. 1999;54:960–963.][6]
Rodriguez LV et al. Treatment of interstitial cystitis with a quercetin containing compound: a
preliminary, double-blind placebo control trial. Presented at: American Urological Association
2001 Annual Meeting; June 2–7, 2001; Anaheim, Calif][7] Constant J. Alcohol, ischemic heart
disease, and the French paradox. Coron Artery Dis. 1997;8:645–649. [8] Hayek T et al, Reduced
progression of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice following consumption of red
wine, or its polyphenols quercetin or catechin, is associated with reduced susceptibility of LDL to
oxidation and aggregation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1997;17:2744–2752. [9] Frankel EN
et al Inhibition of human LDL oxidation by resveratrol. Lancet. 1993;341:1103–1104. Alliangana
DM. Effects of beta-carotene, flavonoid quercetin and quinacrine on cell proliferation and lipid
peroxidation breakdown products in BHK-21 cells. East Afr MedJ. 1996;73:752–757. [10] Keli SO
et al. Dietary flavonoids, antioxidant vitamins, and incidence of stroke: the Zupthen study. Arch
Intern Med. 1996;156:637–642. [11] [Beretz, et al, “Role of cyclic AMP in the inhibition of
human platelet aggregation by quercetin, a flavonoid that potentiates the effect of prostacyclin.”
Biochemical Pharmacology 1981;31(22):3597-600.[12] Quercetin protects LDL from oxidation by
lipid peroxides and transition metal ions. Oxidized LDL is absorbed by macrophages and arterial
endothelial cells, eventually leading to plaque deposits in arterial walls. [13] AfanasÂ’ev, I.B. et.
al., “Chelating and free radical scavenging mechanisms of inhibitory action of rutin and
quercetin in lipid peroxidation.” Biochemical Pharmacology 1989;38(11):1763-69. [14] De
Whalley, C.V., “Flavonoids inhibit the oxidative modification of low density lipoproteins by
macrophages.” Biochemical Pharmacology 39(11):1743-50.][15] Balasubramanian S,
Govindasamy S. Inhibitory effect of dietary flavonol quercetin on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-
induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis. 1996;17:877–879. [16] Cross HJ
et al. Effect of quercetin on the genotoxic potential of cisplatin. Int J Cancer. 1996;66:404–408.
[17] Hoffman R et al. Enhanced anti-proliferative action of busulphan by quercetin on the human
leukaemia cell line K562. Br J Cancer. 1989;59:347–348. [18] ElAttar TM et al. Modulating
effect of resveratrol and quercetin on oral cancer cell growth and proliferation. Anticancer Drugs.
1999;10:187–193. [19] Yoshida M et al. Quercetin arrests human leukemic T-cells in late G1
phase of the cell cycle. Cancer Res. 1992;52:6676–6681. [20] Knekt P., Flavonoid intake and
risk of chronic diseases. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 Sep;76(3):560-8.] [21] Varma SD et al. Diabetic
cataracts and flavonoids. Science. 1977;195:205–206] [22] Kaul TN et al. Antiviral effect of
flavonoids on human viruses. J Med Virol. 1985;15:71–79. [23] Musci I, Pragai BM. Inhibition of
virus multiplication and alteration of cyclic AMP level in cell cultures by flavonoids. Experientia.
1985;41:930–931.] [24] Choi JS. Enhanced diltiazem bioavailability after oral administration of
diltiazem with quercetin to rabbits. Int J Pharm. 2005 Jun 13;297(1-2):1-8. [25] Hollma, P. et. al., Â
“Absorption of dietary quercetin glycosides and quercetin in healthy ileostomy volunteers.” Am.
J. Clin. Nutr. 1995;62:1276-82.][25] Beretz, et al, “Role of cyclic AMP in the inhibition of human
platelet aggregation by quercetin, a flavonoid that potentiates the effect of prostacyclin.”
Biochemical Pharmacology 1981;31(22):3597-600. [26] Heinicke et al “Effect of bromelain
(Ananase®) on human platelet aggregation. ”Experientia 1972;28(7):844] [27] Ebeler SE et al,
Animal models and analytical approaches for understanding the relationships between wine and
cancer. Drugs Exp Clin Res. 2005;31(1):19-27.[28] Xu J. Antiinflammatory constituents from the
roots of Smilax bockii warb. Arch Pharm Res. 2005 Apr;28(4):395-9.[29] Chow JM, Quercetin, but
not rutin and quercitrin, prevention of H(2)O(2)-induced apoptosis via anti-oxidant activity and
heme oxygenase 1 gene expression in macrophages. Biochem Pharmacol. 2005 Jun 15;69(12):
1839-51.][30] Delporte C, Analgesic-antiinflammatory properties of Proustia pyrifolia. J
Ethnopharmacol. 2005 May 13;99(1):119-24.[31] Akbas SH et al, The effect of quercetin on
topotecan cytotoxicity in MCF-7 and MDA-MB 231 human breast cancer cells. J Surg Res. 2005
May 1;125(1):49-55. [A1] Davis JM, Murphy EA, Carmichael MD, Davis B. Quercetin increases
brain and muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and exercise tolerance.Am J Physiol Regul Integr
Comp Physiol. 2009 Feb 11.
Quercetin is a bioflavonoid. Quercetin is a natural antioxidant found
mainly in red wine grapefruit, onions, apples and black tea. Quercetin
protects cells in the body from damage by free radicals, quercetin might
help protect against heart attacks as well as strokes. Quercetin may also
help prevent immune cells from releasing histamine, the chemical that
initiates the itching, sneezing, and swelling of an allergic reaction. Thus,
quercetin is often recommended as a treatment for allergies such as hay
fever, hives, eczema and asthma.
BENEFITS OF QUERCETIN; RESEARCH FINDS
ALLERGY Asthma incidence was lower at higher quercetin intakes. The
flavonoid quercetin addresses the inflammatory component of asthma.
Studies have shown that quercetin prevents certain immune cells from
releasing histamine. Histamine is a chemical that triggers an allergic
reaction. [1-4]
INFLAMMATION One small double-blind, placebo-controlled study has
found preliminary evidence that quercetin might help prostatitis, an
inflammation or infection of the prostate gland. [5]
Another small double-blind placebo-controlled trial showed quercetin
supplementation reduced symptoms of interstitial cystitis [6]
HEART DISEASES AND STROKE Quercetin might help prevent heart
diseases and stroke. [7-10]
PLATELET AGGREGATION Quercetin has inhibitory properties of blood
platelet aggregation (clumping). Consequently, manufacturers are
interesting to put them together in the product. [11]
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES Quercetin scavenges a variety of free-
radicals such as hydroxyl and lipid peroxy radicals. [12-14]
CANCER Quercetin might have cancer preventive properties, based on
some in vitro and animal studies. [15-19]
TYPES II DIABETES A trend toward a reduction in risk of type 2 diabetes
was associated with higher quercetin intake. [20]
CATARACTS Quercetin might protect rodents with diabetes from forming
cataracts. [21]
VIRAL INFECTION Quercetin seems to prevent a wide range of viruses
from infecting cells from cell studies. [22-23]
SIDE EFFECTS OF QUERCETIN
Drug Interaction The bioavailibility of diltiazem in the rabbits pretreated
with quercetin is increased significantly. [24]
QUERCETIN PRODUCTS There are two popular quercetin products-
quercetin bromelain and Activated Quercetin.
QUERCETIN BROMELAIN Bromelain is an enzyme complex derived from
the pineapple stem. Bromelain may assist the absorption of quercetin in
the G.I. tract. [25]
Quercetin and bromelain both have inhibitory properties of blood platelet
aggregation (clumping). Consequently, manufacturers are interesting to
put them together in the product. [25-26]
ACTIVATED QUERCETIN Source Naturals ‘ Activated Quercetin is
probably the most advertised quercetin product over the internet. It is a
blend of quercetin, magnesium ascorbate, and bromelain.
Activated Quercetin is actually a state-of-the-art quercetin complex. It is
advertised that the additional ingredients can maximize the absorption
and benefits of quercetin. Thus, quercetin is thought to be a potent
formula.
INTERESTING RESEARCH FINDINGS ABOUT RED WINE OR
QUERCETIN
Quercetin has shown cancer-preventive effects in some studies,
catechin, another important ingredient of red wine, showed to delay
tumor onset in a mouse model. [27]
Quercetin is also found in Smilax bockii warb. And, the root extract of
Smilax bockii warb showed anti-inflammatory properties. [28]
Induction of HO-1 protein may participate in the protective mechanism of
uercetin on oxidative stress (H(2)O(2))-induced apoptosis, and reduction
of intracellular ROS production and mitochondria dysfunction with
blocking apoptotic events were involved. [29]
The aerial part of Proustia pyrifolia has antiinflammatory, analgesic and
antioxidant activities The extract of this plant is found to contain beta-
sitosterol, quercetin and dihydroquercetin. [30]
Topotecan has cytotoxic activity against both of the breast cancer cell
lines in vitro. A combination with Quercetin increases efficacy of
Topotecan in the treatment of breast cancers. [31]
Reference:
[1] Ogasawara H et al, Effect of selected flavonoids on histamine release (HR) and hydrogen
peroxide (H2O2) generation by human leukocytes [abstract]. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1985;75
(suppl):184. [2] Middleton E Jr. Effect of flavonoids on basophil histamine release and other
secretory systems. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1986;213:493–506.] [3] Knekt P et al, Flavonoid intake
and risk of chronic diseases. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 Sep;76(3):560-8.] [4] Miller AL. The etiologies,
pathophysiology, and alternative/complementary treatment of asthma. Altern Med Rev. 2001 Feb;
6(1):20-47. [5] Shoskes DA et al. Quercetin in men with category III chronic prostatitis: a
preliminary prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Urology. 1999;54:960–963.][6]
Rodriguez LV et al. Treatment of interstitial cystitis with a quercetin containing compound: a
preliminary, double-blind placebo control trial. Presented at: American Urological Association
2001 Annual Meeting; June 2–7, 2001; Anaheim, Calif][7] Constant J. Alcohol, ischemic heart
disease, and the French paradox. Coron Artery Dis. 1997;8:645–649. [8] Hayek T et al, Reduced
progression of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice following consumption of red
wine, or its polyphenols quercetin or catechin, is associated with reduced susceptibility of LDL to
oxidation and aggregation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1997;17:2744–2752. [9] Frankel EN
et al Inhibition of human LDL oxidation by resveratrol. Lancet. 1993;341:1103–1104. Alliangana
DM. Effects of beta-carotene, flavonoid quercetin and quinacrine on cell proliferation and lipid
peroxidation breakdown products in BHK-21 cells. East Afr MedJ. 1996;73:752–757. [10] Keli SO
et al. Dietary flavonoids, antioxidant vitamins, and incidence of stroke: the Zupthen study. Arch
Intern Med. 1996;156:637–642. [11] [Beretz, et al, “Role of cyclic AMP in the inhibition of
human platelet aggregation by quercetin, a flavonoid that potentiates the effect of prostacyclin.”
Biochemical Pharmacology 1981;31(22):3597-600.[12] Quercetin protects LDL from oxidation by
lipid peroxides and transition metal ions. Oxidized LDL is absorbed by macrophages and arterial
endothelial cells, eventually leading to plaque deposits in arterial walls. [13] AfanasÂ’ev, I.B. et.
al., “Chelating and free radical scavenging mechanisms of inhibitory action of rutin and
quercetin in lipid peroxidation.” Biochemical Pharmacology 1989;38(11):1763-69. [14] De
Whalley, C.V., “Flavonoids inhibit the oxidative modification of low density lipoproteins by
macrophages.” Biochemical Pharmacology 39(11):1743-50.][15] Balasubramanian S,
Govindasamy S. Inhibitory effect of dietary flavonol quercetin on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-
induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis. 1996;17:877–879. [16] Cross HJ
et al. Effect of quercetin on the genotoxic potential of cisplatin. Int J Cancer. 1996;66:404–408.
[17] Hoffman R et al. Enhanced anti-proliferative action of busulphan by quercetin on the human
leukaemia cell line K562. Br J Cancer. 1989;59:347–348. [18] ElAttar TM et al. Modulating
effect of resveratrol and quercetin on oral cancer cell growth and proliferation. Anticancer Drugs.
1999;10:187–193. [19] Yoshida M et al. Quercetin arrests human leukemic T-cells in late G1
phase of the cell cycle. Cancer Res. 1992;52:6676–6681. [20] Knekt P., Flavonoid intake and
risk of chronic diseases. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 Sep;76(3):560-8.] [21] Varma SD et al. Diabetic
cataracts and flavonoids. Science. 1977;195:205–206] [22] Kaul TN et al. Antiviral effect of
flavonoids on human viruses. J Med Virol. 1985;15:71–79. [23] Musci I, Pragai BM. Inhibition of
virus multiplication and alteration of cyclic AMP level in cell cultures by flavonoids. Experientia.
1985;41:930–931.] [24] Choi JS. Enhanced diltiazem bioavailability after oral administration of
diltiazem with quercetin to rabbits. Int J Pharm. 2005 Jun 13;297(1-2):1-8. [25] Hollma, P. et. al., Â
“Absorption of dietary quercetin glycosides and quercetin in healthy ileostomy volunteers.” Am.
J. Clin. Nutr. 1995;62:1276-82.][25] Beretz, et al, “Role of cyclic AMP in the inhibition of human
platelet aggregation by quercetin, a flavonoid that potentiates the effect of prostacyclin.”
Biochemical Pharmacology 1981;31(22):3597-600. [26] Heinicke et al “Effect of bromelain
(Ananase®) on human platelet aggregation. ”Experientia 1972;28(7):844] [27] Ebeler SE et al,
Animal models and analytical approaches for understanding the relationships between wine and
cancer. Drugs Exp Clin Res. 2005;31(1):19-27.[28] Xu J. Antiinflammatory constituents from the
roots of Smilax bockii warb. Arch Pharm Res. 2005 Apr;28(4):395-9.[29] Chow JM, Quercetin, but
not rutin and quercitrin, prevention of H(2)O(2)-induced apoptosis via anti-oxidant activity and
heme oxygenase 1 gene expression in macrophages. Biochem Pharmacol. 2005 Jun 15;69(12):
1839-51.][30] Delporte C, Analgesic-antiinflammatory properties of Proustia pyrifolia. J
Ethnopharmacol. 2005 May 13;99(1):119-24.[31] Akbas SH et al, The effect of quercetin on
topotecan cytotoxicity in MCF-7 and MDA-MB 231 human breast cancer cells. J Surg Res. 2005
May 1;125(1):49-55. [A1] Davis JM, Murphy EA, Carmichael MD, Davis B. Quercetin increases
brain and muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and exercise tolerance.Am J Physiol Regul Integr
Comp Physiol. 2009 Feb 11.
| Quercetinside effects updated on March 7, 2008 Zhion@zhion.com |
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Ellagic Acid
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Fish Oil
Flaxseed
Garlic
Ginger
Ginseng
Ginkgo Biloba
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Polycosanol
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Xylitol
| Recent Research Davis JM and co-workers from University of South Carloina found that intake of quercetin led to changes in mitochondrial capacity. These changes in mitochondrial capacity were associated with an increase in both maximal endurance capacity and voluntary wheel running activity in an animal study. These benefits of querectin on fitness without exercise training may have important implications for enhancement of athletic and military performance and may also extend to prevention and/or treatment of chronic diseases. [A1] |
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